「英中对照」布罗克顿医院电气火灾后重建，升级供电系统并加装1.5兆瓦光伏

Heavily damaged Signature Healthcare Brockton Hospital used the disaster to upgrade and improve the facility and its systems遭受严重破坏的 Signature Healthcare Brockton Hospital 借这场灾难对设施及其系统进行了升级和改善。

A fire in any commercial or institutional facility is a crisis. But when the facility in question is a 341,000-square-foot hospital and the crisis is a 10-alarm fire that results in $90 million in damages, the level of criticality and complexity is off the charts. 任何商业或机构设施发生火灾都是一场危机。但涉事设施是一家面积 341,000 平方英尺的医院，而这场危机又是一场造成 $90 million 损失的 10 级警报火灾，其危急程度和复杂性超乎想象。 

Such was the situation facing Brian Backoff, senior director of facilities and engineering for Signature Healthcare Brockton Hospital in February 2023. The fire that started in the hospital’s transformer room early that morning shut down the facility for 18 months. 2023 年 2 月，Signature Healthcare Brockton Hospital 设施与工程高级总监 Brian Backoff 面临的正是这样的局面。那天清晨，起于医院变压器室的火灾导致该设施关闭 18 个月。 

It also enabled Backoff and his team to rebuild and replace hospital systems and components, and it created opportunities to upgrade and expand key areas — but only after navigating a fair amount of uncharted territory. 这也让 Backoff 和他的团队得以重建和更换医院的系统与部件，并为关键区域的升级和扩建创造了机会——但这是在走过了相当多的陌生领域之后才实现的。 

“Obviously, this doesn't happen every day,” Backoff says of the fire and ensuing recovery process. “There was no road map.” “显然，这种事不是每天都会发生，”Backoff 在谈到火灾及随后的恢复过程时说。“当时没有路线图。” 

Response, recovery and reconstruction 响应、恢复与重建 

Backoff nearly had a front-row seat for the fire. Backoff 差点就在最近距离亲历了这场火灾。

“Our main switchgear, which is located inside the hospital, started arcing and had a fire inside the room,” says Backoff, who oversees facilities and engineering for the hospital and its off-site properties. “My office is located right above where this happened. I was here at 7 a.m., and I knew immediately something was wrong because I could almost feel the air become stagnant. Fire alarm systems went off, and there were loud explosions and lots of loud noises.” “我们的主开关设备设在医院楼内，它开始产生电弧，并在房间内引发火灾，”负责医院及其院外物业设施与工程的 Backoff 说。“我的办公室就在事发地点正上方。我早上 7 点到了这里，立刻就知道出了问题，因为我几乎能感觉到空气变得凝滞。火灾警报系统响了，还有巨大的爆炸声和许多巨大的声响。” 

About 160 patients were evacuated and relocated to other area hospitals, and there were no injuries or deaths resulting from the fire, including all the workers in the facility that day. But the fire did force firefighters to act quickly to prevent even more damage to the structure. 约 160 名患者被疏散并转移到该地区其他医院；包括当天设施内的所有工作人员在内，火灾未造成任何伤亡。但火灾仍迫使消防员迅速采取行动，以防止更严重的建筑结构损坏。 

“We took out not only our normal power to the hospital, but we also took out our emergency power probably 10 minutes apart,” he says. “That controlled some of the arcing, but the flames were still shooting in the room.” Firefighters then discovered a 2-inch oxygen main had burst and was feeding the fire, prompting them to shut off oxygen. “我们不仅切断了医院的正常供电，大概相隔 10 分钟又切断了应急供电，”他说。“这控制住了部分电弧，但火焰仍在房间里窜射。”消防员随后发现一条 2 英寸的氧气总管已经破裂，正在助长火势，于是他们关闭了氧气。 

“Once we shut that off, then they were actually able to get into the room and start treating the fire,” he says. “That room obviously filled with a lot of electrical smoke, and the smoke then followed all the conduits that go up. This is a five-story building plus a penthouse, so it was a chimney effect. “我们一把它关掉，他们实际上就得以进入房间开始灭火，”他说。“那个房间显然充满了大量电气烟雾，烟雾随后顺着所有向上延伸的线管蔓延。这是一栋五层建筑，上面还有一个屋顶层，所以产生了烟囱效应。 

“From a fire standpoint, it was contained in the room and above that room where we have a cafeteria. It was contained to that as far as fire damage, but the majority of the damage was smoke damage throughout the whole facility.” “从火灾角度看，火势被控制在该房间以及其上方设有自助餐厅的区域。就火灾损失而言，范围仅限于此，但大部分损失是整个设施内的烟熏损坏。” 

As hospital officials started assessing damage, Backoff says he knew the age of the facility and its various additions over the years was going to complicate the planning and recovery process. 医院管理人员开始评估损失时，Backoff 说，他知道设施的年限及其多年来的各类增建会让规划和恢复过程变得复杂。 

“The hospital itself has a lot of age to it,” Backoff says. “The original part of the hospital was built in 1897. We have a wing that was added in 1947. Another wing was added in 1972, and then another wing was added in 1985. Again, it’s all different ages of construction and all different ages of mechanical equipment.” “医院本身已经相当老旧，”Backoff 说。“医院的原始部分建于 1897 年。我们有一栋 1947 年增建的翼楼。1972 年又增建了一栋翼楼，1985 年再增建了一栋。而且，这些建筑的建造年代各不相同，机械设备的年代也各不相同。” 

The team spent a week or two after the fire doing determining whether the situation called for a full demolition of the hospital or its renovation. Further hampering the assessment and planning was a lack of reliable documentation for the building. To help with the evaluations, they brought in electrical contractors, who immediately asked for the hospital’s blueprints.  火灾发生后，团队花了一两周时间判断是需要全面拆除医院还是对其进行翻修。该建筑缺乏可靠的文档资料，进一步阻碍了评估和规划工作。为协助评估，他们请来了电气承包商，对方立刻要求提供医院的蓝图。 

“We didn't have old blueprints,” Backoff says. “We knew what we had, but we didn't really know what we had. It was almost starting from ground zero.” “我们没有旧蓝图，”巴科夫说。“我们知道自己有什么，但实际上并不清楚自己到底有什么。这几乎是从零开始。” 

The lack of documentation of the hospital and its numerous additions meant Backoff’s team encountered a series of unexpected challenges during the assessment and inspection process — everything from asbestos to confusing electrical systems. 医院文档资料的缺失及其众多增建意味着巴科夫的团队在评估和检查过程中遇到了一系列意想不到的挑战——从石棉到令人困惑的电气系统，各种问题层出不穷。 

“We would be chasing ductwork thinking it was going somewhere, and we found out it was going somewhere else,” he says. “We found a lot of equipment that had been abandoned over the years, whether it was sprinkler valves, all sorts of stuff that no one ever knew existed. We covered every square inch, took down a lot of walls, opened chase walls.” “我们追踪通风管道，以为它通向某处，结果发现它通向别处，”他说。“我们发现了许多年来被废弃的设备，无论是喷淋阀，还是各种没人知道其存在的东西。我们检查了每平方英寸，拆除了许多墙壁，打开了管井墙。” 

Opportunities and lessons 机遇与经验教训 

The reconstruction and renovation of Brockton Hospital targeted areas of the facility affected by the fire, upgrading the entire electrical system. 布罗克顿医院的重建和翻修针对该设施受火灾影响的区域，对整个电气系统进行了升级。 

The hospital added 25 new electrical closets throughout the hospital. The construction also included a new 2,700 square-foot addition at the north end of the hospital to house new switchgear. The addition allowed Backoff and his team to separate daily and emergency systems and provide new generators and transformers on site in order to prevent disruption to services if a future disaster were to occur. 医院在全院新增了25个电气间。工程还包括在医院北端新建一处2,700平方英尺的增建建筑，用于安置新的开关柜。该增建建筑使巴科夫及其团队能够将日常系统与应急系统分离，并在现场配备新的发电机和变压器，以防止未来发生灾难时服务中断。 

Other components of the renovation and construction project included a new outpatient surgical facility, a redesigned emergency department and an updated behavioral health facility. The final phase of hospital reconstruction focused on completing upgrades to the maternity and pediatric units. 该翻修和建设项目的其他部分包括一个新的门诊手术设施、重新设计的急诊科以及经过更新的行为健康设施。医院重建的最后阶段集中完成产科和儿科病房的升级改造。 

The 18-month shutdown after the fire also gave Backoff and his team an opportunity that is rare for in-house maintenance and engineering teams in healthcare facilities. 火灾后长达18个月的停业也给巴科夫及其团队提供了一个机会，这对于医疗机构的内部维护和工程团队来说十分难得。 

“There’s never a chance when the hospital's closed,” he says. “That gave us an opportunity to do other projects. We were able to renovate our emergency department, which we've been trying to do for years. Trying to do that while we're open not only would cost a lot more money, but there’s the pain of taking a room a day and being only able to do a room at a time. “医院从来不会关门，”他说。“这给了我们开展其他项目的机会。我们得以翻修急诊科，这是我们多年来一直想做的事。在医院营业时尝试这样做不仅会花费多得多的资金，还要忍受每天只能腾出一个房间、一次只能改造一个房间的苦恼。 

“We had a project that was queued up before the fire, but this allowed us to do it quicker: We added a 1.5 megawatt solar array canopy to the campus, which produces energy for us. Trying to do that while we are open was going to be very costly and very disruptive to our business every day.” “我们有一个项目在火灾前就已排上日程，但这让我们能更快完成：我们在园区增设了一个1.5兆瓦的太阳能阵列顶棚，为我们生产电力。在医院营业时开展这项工作不仅成本高昂，而且每天都会对我们的业务造成严重干扰。”

Despite the destruction and displacement the fire created, Backoff says the recovery process also offered valuable lessons. 尽管火灾造成了破坏和安置转移，巴科夫表示，恢复过程也带来了宝贵的经验教训。 

Get involved. Even without much documentation, Backoff says his department played a central role in determining the scope and content of the reconstruction. 积极参与。巴科夫表示，即使没有太多文档资料，他的部门在确定重建的范围和内容方面发挥了核心作用。 

“I looked at myself and my department as the blueprints, so we were the ones that knew everything,” he says. “We worked with the design team and with their engineers, and whether it was HVAC, electrical, we all had input. We were involved, whether it was mechanical, HVAC, plumbing, we were involved in the whole design of it.” “我把自己和我的部门视为蓝图，所以我们是了解一切的人，”他说。“我们与设计团队及其工程师合作，无论是暖通空调还是电气，我们都有参与。无论是机械、暖通空调还是给排水，我们都参与了它的整体设计。” 

Maintenance matters. “It has given me a lot of opportunity for the future because it has shown people in the everyday operations that don't work in facilities just how important this stuff is and how important it is to maintain it. People always ask us in facilities, ‘Why do you have to do a fire drill? Why do you have to check our fire doors all the time?’ 维护至关重要。“这给了我很多未来的机会，因为它让日常运营中不在设施部门工作的人看到，这些设施有多重要，对其进行维护又有多重要。设施部门的人总会问我们，‘你们为什么必须搞消防演习？为什么非得一直检查我们的防火门？’ 

“That's the type of stuff that I took out of this project. It helps us now when we go out and educate. They don't just look at us as a barrier. They understand now why we have to do it and what's behind it. There's a bigger appreciation for us overall, and it's going to help us throughout the different projects that we might have coming down the pipeline.” “这就是我从这个项目中收获的东西。现在我们出去做宣教时，这对我们很有帮助。他们不再只把我们看成障碍。他们现在明白我们为什么必须这么做，以及背后的原因。总体而言，他们对我们有了更多认可，这将帮助我们应对今后可能陆续开展的各个项目。” 

Dan Hounsell is senior editor for the facilities market. He has more than 30 years of experience writing about facilities maintenance, engineering and management. Dan Hounsell 是设施市场的高级编辑。他拥有 30 多年撰写设施维护、工程与管理相关内容的经验。 

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