巴西数据中心增长突破圣保罗，向其他市场扩展

Aerial view of the city of São Paulo at dusk

São Paulo accounts for 76% of Brazil’s live data center capacity, but tighter availability of powered land is pushing developers to look at other markets.Getty Images圣保罗占巴西在运营数据中心容量的76%，但带电土地供应趋紧，正促使开发商将目光投向其他市场。Getty Images

Brazil’s data center market is beginning to expand beyond its longtime base in São Paulo as hyperscale and AI-driven projects draw attention to Rio de Janeiro, Fortaleza, and southern Brazil. The shift reflects growing demand for capacity, but it also highlights a harder question for developers: whether Brazil’s energy and connectivity advantages can be translated into sites with dependable power and workable construction timelines.随着超大规模和 AI 驱动项目将关注引向里约热内卢、福塔莱萨和巴西南部，巴西的数据中心市场正开始走出其长期大本营圣保罗。这一转变反映出容量需求的不断增长，但同时也向开发商提出了一个更棘手的问题：巴西的能源和连接优势能否转化为电力可靠、施工时间表可行的站点。

São Paulo still accounts for 76% of Brazil’s live data center capacity, according to DC Byte’s August market analysis. The city continues to benefit from its concentration of customers, network density, and established operator presence. That ecosystem gives the market a depth that emerging regions cannot quickly replicate.根据 DC Byte 的8月市场分析，圣保罗仍占巴西在运营数据中心容量的76%。这座城市继续受益于其客户集中、网络密度以及成熟的运营商布局。这样的生态系统赋予了该市场新兴地区无法迅速复制的深度。

However, São Paulo faces a shrinking supply of powered land and slow transmission upgrades. At the same time, newly enacted federal tax incentives could improve project economics in other parts of the country, even as environmental licensing and electricity infrastructure remain potential constraints.然而，圣保罗正面临带电土地供应减少和输电升级缓慢的问题。与此同时，新颁布的联邦税收激励措施可能改善该国其他地区的项目经济性，尽管环境许可和电力基础设施仍是潜在的制约因素。

São Paulo Still Dominates Capacity圣保罗仍主导容量格局

Brazil’s existing market is still driven principally by hyperscale cloud demand and enterprise deployments, even as large AI projects begin to influence development plans.尽管大型 AI 项目开始影响开发规划，巴西现有市场仍主要由超大规模云需求和企业部署驱动。

“Demand continues to be driven predominantly by hyperscale cloud providers, which remain the largest consumers of data center capacity in the country,” Rodrigo Gomez, senior Latin America analyst at DC Byte, told Data Center Knowledge.“需求继续以超大规模云服务提供商为主导驱动力，它们仍是该国数据中心容量的最大消费群体，”DC Byte 拉丁美洲高级分析师 Rodrigo Gomez 对Data Center Knowledge表示。

São Paulo’s advantage comes from more than scale alone. The market combines demand from Brazil’s largest metropolitan economy with dense fiber connectivity and access to international networks, reinforcing its position as the country’s primary cloud and interconnection hub.圣保罗的优势并非仅来自规模。该市场将巴西最大都市经济体的需求与密集的光纤连接以及国际网络接入相结合，巩固了其作为该国首要云和互联枢纽的地位。

Operators including Ascenty, Elea, and Scala have built substantial footprints in Brazil. DC Byte also points to investments by Microsoft and Equinix as evidence of growing international interest.Ascenty、Elea 和 Scala 等运营商已在巴西建立了庞大的业务布局。DC Byte 还指出，Microsoft 和 Equinix 的投资证明了国际市场兴趣的不断增长。

Gomez said the maturity of that ecosystem remains central to Brazil’s appeal. Investors can enter a market with established customers and infrastructure while also pursuing opportunities in less developed locations.Gomez 表示，该生态系统的成熟度仍是巴西吸引力的核心。投资者可以进入一个拥有成熟客户和基础设施的市场，同时也可以在欠发达地区寻找机会。

“At the same time, Brazil is beginning to see greater investment in facilities designed to support AI workloads, reflecting the global shift toward high-density computing and next-generation digital infrastructure,” he said.“与此同时，巴西开始看到更多针对支持 AI 工作负载而设计的设施投资，这反映了全球向高密度计算和下一代数字基础设施的转变，”他说。

This leaves Brazil serving two overlapping tracks of demand: continued growth in cloud and enterprise capacity, and the development of larger, higher-density facilities designed for AI and other intensive computing workloads.这使巴西同时服务于两条相互重叠的需求轨道：云和企业容量的持续增长，以及为 AI 和其他密集型计算工作负载而设计的更大规模、更高密度设施的开发。

Power and Permitting Remain the Main Constraints电力与许可仍是主要制约因素

Power availability remains the central variable in how quickly new capacity can be delivered. Brazil’s access to renewable electricity strengthens the country’s long-term investment case, but generation does not necessarily mean a site can be connected on schedule.电力供应仍是决定新产能交付速度的核心变量。巴西在可再生电力方面的优势增强了该国的长期投资吸引力，但发电能力并不意味着场地就能按期接入电网。

Gomez identified the pace of electrical infrastructure development as the market’s main challenge. Generation, transmission, and broader grid expansion all take time, making delivery schedules for new substations and transmission capacity critical for developers.Gomez 将电力基础设施建设的速度视为该市场面临的主要挑战。发电、输电以及更广泛的电网扩建都需要时间，因此新变电站和输电容量的交付进度对开发商至关重要。

Bruno Porto, manager for industrial, logistics, and data centers in Brazil at real estate services firm JLL, told Data Center Knowledge that some locations will require transmission reinforcement before additional data center load can be supported.房地产服务公司 JLL 巴西工业、物流与数据中心业务经理 Bruno Porto 告诉 Data Center Knowledge，一些地区需要先加强输电设施，才能支撑新增的数据中心负载。

“Environmental licensing in Brazil is also critical, with this phase alone potentially taking up to 18 months depending on the region and the scale of the project,” Porto noted.“巴西的环境许可同样至关重要，仅这一阶段就可能需要长达 18 个月的时间，具体取决于所在地区和项目规模，”Porto 指出。

Those factors can stretch project timelines even where land, capital, and customer demand are available. For developers looking outside São Paulo, the key question is not just whether a market looks attractive on paper, but whether permits and power delivery can align with construction schedules.即使土地、资金和客户需求都已具备，这些因素仍可能拉长项目周期。对于将目光投向圣保罗以外地区的开发商而言，关键问题不仅在于某个市场在纸面上是否具有吸引力，还在于许可和电力交付能否与施工进度相匹配。

Porto said he expects growth through 2027 to depend heavily on projects already negotiated during 2026. He added that the volume of facilities now under construction should allow providers to bring new capacity online within the next 12 months.Porto 表示，他预计到 2027 年的增长将在很大程度上取决于 2026 年期间已经谈定的项目。他补充说，目前处于建设阶段的设施规模应能使运营商在未来 12 个月内将新产能投入使用。

That outlook applies to projects that have already advanced through the development process, not to every large campus proposal in the national pipeline. Longer-range projects still depend on securing infrastructure and approvals before they can move into execution.这一展望适用于已经在开发流程中取得进展的项目，而非全国规划中所有大型园区提案。更长远的项目仍需先落实基础设施和审批，才能进入执行阶段。

“Environmental licensing in Brazil is also critical, with this phase alone potentially taking up to 18 months depending on the region and the scale of the project.” – Bruno Porto, manager for industrial, logistics, and data centers in Brazil, JLL“巴西的环境许可同样至关重要，仅这一阶段就可能需要长达 18 个月的时间，具体取决于所在地区和项目规模。”——JLL 巴西工业、物流与数据中心业务经理 Bruno Porto

Regional Hubs Offer Different Advantages区域枢纽各具优势

Outside São Paulo, Brazil’s emerging markets offer different combinations of customer access, connectivity, and development potential.在圣保罗以外，巴西的新兴市场提供了各具特色的客户接入、网络连接和开发潜力组合。

Rio de Janeiro is positioned to support both domestic and international traffic, with Gomez describing it as an important gateway for digital services serving eastern Brazil. Its development pipeline includes both more conventional colocation projects and larger AI-oriented ambitions.里约热内卢有能力同时支持国内和国际流量，Gomez 将其形容为服务巴西东部的数字服务重要门户。其开发规划中既包括较为传统的托管项目，也包括更大规模的面向 AI 的宏图。

DC Byte’s August overview identifies Rio AI City as targeting approximately 3 GW of planned capacity, while a hyperscale campus in Rio Grande do Sul is targeting approximately 4.75 GW at full buildout. Those figures represent long-term development ambitions rather than operational capacity.DC Byte 8 月的概览显示，Rio AI City 的规划容量目标约为 3 GW，而南里奥格兰德州的一个超大规模园区的目标是全面建成时达到约 4.75 GW。这些数字代表的是长期开发目标，而非已投入运营的容量。

Fortaleza’s competitive strength is more directly tied to international connectivity. Its submarine cable routes link Brazil to other parts of the Americas and to Africa, including Angola.福塔莱萨的竞争优势与国际连接的关系更为直接。其海底光缆线路将巴西与美洲其他地区以及包括安哥拉在内的非洲连接起来。

“Fortaleza continues to strengthen its position as one of Latin America’s most important connectivity hubs, supported by its extensive network of submarine cable landings,” Gomez said.“凭借其庞大的海底光缆登陆网络，福塔莱萨正不断巩固其作为拉丁美洲最重要连接枢纽之一的地位，”Gomez 表示。

In southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul offers a different regional advantage. Its location supports access to neighboring Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, while Porto Alegre already has a smaller colocation footprint that could be complemented by larger projects elsewhere in the state.在巴西南部，南里奥格兰德州提供了另一种区域优势。其地理位置便于连接邻近的阿根廷、巴拉圭和乌拉圭，而阿雷格里港已有规模较小的托管（colocation）设施基础，可借助该州其他地方的更大项目加以补充。

Gomez said those connections create the potential to support demand for cloud, telecommunications, and digital infrastructure across the Southern Cone.Gomez 表示，这些连接有望为整个南锥地区（Southern Cone）的云服务、电信和数字基础设施需求提供支持。

“Together, these developments reflect Brazil’s evolution from a primarily domestic data center market into a broader regional connectivity platform,” he said.“这些发展共同反映出，巴西正从一个主要面向国内的数据中心市场，演变为更广泛的区域互联互通平台，”他说道。

Tax Incentives Improve Project Economics税收激励改善项目经济性

Brazil’s ReData framework has advanced since DC Byte published its August analysis, which at the time said replacement legislation was still awaiting Senate consideration.自 DC Byte 发布其 8 月分析报告以来，巴西的 ReData 框架已取得进展——该报告当时称，替代性立法仍有待参议院审议。

President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva signed the legislation on September 15, according to Brazil’s Ministry of Development, Industry, Commerce and Services.据巴西发展、工业、商业和服务部消息，总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦于 9 月 15 日签署了该法案。

The regime provides federal tax relief for qualifying technology equipment used to establish, expand, or modernize data centers. Equipment without a domestic equivalent is also eligible for import-duty relief.该制度为用于建设、扩建或现代化改造数据中心的合格技术设备提供联邦税收减免。国内没有同等替代品的设备还可享受进口关税减免。

Participation comes with conditions tied to domestic service provision, research and development, water efficiency, and energy sourcing. The government has also said the framework is designed to encourage regional diversification by reducing certain obligations for investments in the North, Northeast, and Central-West regions.参与该计划需满足与本地服务提供、研发、用水效率和能源采购相关的条件。政府还表示，该框架旨在通过减少对北部、东北部和中西部地区投资的某些义务，鼓励区域多元化发展。

Porto said lower capital costs should improve Brazil’s competitiveness. Outside São Paulo, he pointed to connectivity, electricity pricing, and unmet local demand as factors supporting opportunity in Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Fortaleza, and other northeastern capitals.Porto 表示，较低的资本成本应能提升巴西的竞争力。在圣保罗以外地区，他指出，互联互通、电价以及未被满足的本地需求，是里约热内卢、阿雷格里港、福塔莱萨及其他东北部州府城市机遇的支撑因素。

“Brazil has the essential elements required for large-scale projects: energy, water, land availability, and connectivity,” he said.“巴西具备大型项目所需的基本要素：能源、水资源、土地供应和互联互通，”他说道。

Even so, national advantages alone will not determine which markets break out. Tax relief may help lower equipment costs, but the pace of grid reinforcement, interconnection, and environmental approvals will still decide when facilities can begin serving customers.即便如此，仅靠国家层面的优势并不能决定哪些市场会脱颖而出。税收减免或许有助于降低设备成本，但电网强化、并网和环境审批的进度，仍将决定设施何时能够开始为客户提供服务。

Porto said the fiscal changes nonetheless improve the economics of new development.Porto 表示，财政政策的这些变化仍改善了新开发项目的经济性。

“With the new ReData fiscal framework, the country is becoming even more competitive regarding capital expenditure for new data center installations,” he said.“凭借新的 ReData 财政框架，巴西在新数据中心设施的资本支出方面正变得更具竞争力，”他说道。

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Nathan Eddy covers data center trends and technologies across multiple industries. A graduate of Northwestern University’s Medill School of Journalism, he is also a documentary filmmaker specializing in architecture and urban planning. He currently lives in Berlin, Germany.Nathan Eddy 报道多个行业的数据中心趋势与技术。他毕业于西北大学梅迪尔新闻学院，同时也是一位专注于建筑与城市规划的纪录片制片人。目前居住在德国柏林。